|
Why
do you not quote the internal diameter (bore) of the pvc pipe and
abs pipe?
Almost
all plastic pipes are extruded in the same way as pvc pipe and abs
pipe. The outside diameter of the pipe is the controlled measurement
as this is what is used to fit into pipe sockets. The internal
diameter of all such pipe types will vary a little – depending on
the pressure rating and size of the pipe – but enough to warrant
the internal diameter of the pipe to not be stated. We can advise on
the likely internal diameter of a pipe, but we cannot guarantee it.
Also different pressure ratings require different wall thicknesses
of pipe and as the external diameter is the controlled diameter of
the pipe, the internal bore varies with the wall thickness.
How
smooth is the inside of a rigid pvc pipe and abs pipe?
The
inside of a pvc pipe and abs pipe is nearly as smooth as the outside
– note above internal diameter information – there is sometimes
a slight, almost indiscernible change in the pipe wall thickness –
this goes for ALL manufacturers of PVC pipe.
What
are the temperature ratings of pvc pipe and abs pipe?
The
recommended temperature ratings of pvc pipe and abs pipe are as per
the tables below. The pressure rating of the pipe will reduce as
temperature increases and all pressure ratings quoted for pvc pipe
and abs pipe in literature are those at 20 degrees centigrade. PVC
pipe has a recommended operating range of 0-60oC, whereas
ABS wil operate as low as -40oC and up to 80oC.
The table below (Table 1) gives pressure de-rating values for pvc
pipe and abs pipe at different temperatures.
Table
1 – Affects of temperature on working pressure of pvc pipe
|
Temperature
deg C
|
Pressure
de-rating factor
|
|
20
|
1.00
|
|
30
|
0.80
|
|
40
|
0.58
|
|
50
|
0.39
|
|
60
|
0.22
|
Example
– If using 7 bar rated pvc pipe at 30 degrees centigrade the
working pressure = 7 x 0.8 = 5.6 bar
Table
2 – Affects of temperature on working pressure of abs pipe
|
Temperature
deg C
|
Pressure
de-rating factor
|
|
20
|
1.00
|
|
30
|
0.85
|
|
40
|
0.72
|
|
50
|
0.58
|
|
60
|
0.45
|
| 70 |
0.28 |
| 80 |
0.05 |
Example
– If using 7 bar rated pvc pipe at 30 degrees centigrade the
working pressure = 7 x 0.85 = 5.95 bar
How
often does my pvc pipe and abs pipe need supporting?
This
is a common mistake made when installing pvc pipe and abs pipe.
Insufficient support will cause the pipe to sag and may reduce the
working pressure or, under extreme circumstances, cause excess
strain on joints and affect the integrity of the pipe system. The
table below gives pipe support distances for different sizes of
pipe.
Table
3 – Recommended pipe support distances for pvc pipe
and abs pipe
|
Imperial
Size
|
Approx.
equivalent Metric Size (mm)
|
Support
centres @ 20 degree C
|
Support
centres @ 40 degree C
|
|
3/8”
|
12
|
0.7
|
0.6
|
|
½”
|
20
|
0.8
|
0.7
|
|
¾”
|
25
|
0.9
|
0.7
|
|
1”
|
32
|
1.0
|
0.8
|
|
1
¼”
|
40
|
1.1
|
0.9
|
|
1
½”
|
50
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
|
2”
|
63
|
1.3
|
1.1
|
|
3”
|
90
|
1.6
|
1.3
|
|
4”
|
110
|
1.8
|
1.5
|
|
6”
|
160
|
2.2
|
1.8
|
|
8”
|
200
|
2.5
|
2.0
|
|
10”
|
250
|
2.8
|
2.3
|
|
12”
|
300
|
3.0
|
2.5
|
|
14”
|
350
|
3.2
|
2.6
|
|
16”
|
400
|
3.4
|
2.8
|
How
do I join the pvc pipe and abs pipe together?
PVC
pipe and abs pipe are joined by a solvent weld process. After
cutting the pipe a chamfer is put on the end. This is ideally
between 20 and 40 degrees and is done not to enable the pipe to go
in the socket better, but to act as a route for the cement to be
squeezed in between the pipe and socket. Failure to do this can
result in all the cement being pushed along the pvc pipe and abs
pipe when assembling and a consequent weak or leaking joint. First
the pvc pipe and socket are cleaned using a solvent cleaner – this
also acts as a keying / etching process. Secondly the pipe and
socket are lightly roughed up using a piece of emery cloth. Solvent
pvc cement is applied to the socket first (this is important as if
applied to the pipe first, the glue will get dirty when the pipe is
laid down to glue the socket) and after ensuring no cement has run
down into other parts of the socket, the socket is laid down in a
position where the glue cannot run into unwanted parts. Then,
solvent cement is added to the pvc pipe in a motion towards the end
of the pipe rather than being brushed around it, ensuring the
chamfered end of the pvc pipe, has sufficient cement on it and that
the cement is as far along the pipe as the depth of the socket. The
two parts are pushed quickly together – do not twist the pvc pipe
at this stage as it can cause leaks. The joint should be held in
place for 30 seconds (1 minute for larger pipe sizes) and left still
for 5-10 minutes before handling.
What
happens if I make a mistake cementing my pvc pipe and abs pipe?
The
solvent cement jointing process is fast curing and irreversible. PVC
pipe is slightly slower to cure than ABS pipe You have seconds to
pull the pipe and socket apart if you make a mistake. For this
reason all joints should be marked for position etc. before cleaning
and gluing. If the parts are to be pushed together dry first, ensure
that they have not been cleaned as they my weld together - this is particularly
the case with abs pipe. If you are able to pull them apart,
immediately clean both parts with solvent cleaner and remove all
traces of cement.
What
Colours is pvc pipe and abs pipe available in?
The
standard colour for pvc pipe is mid to dark grey, however it is also
available, in some pressure ratings in white and clear. The clear
pvc pipe has a much more limited range of fittings.
ABS pipe is usually only available in mid to light grey.
What
do the pressure ratings and classes of pvc pipe and ABS pipe mean?
The
different classes refer to different pressure ratings – There are
several groups of pvc pipe and abs pipe classification, the most
typical being the American ASTM D 1785
“Schedule” and BS 3505/6 “Class” systems (such as
class C or class E) and the Metric DIN 8062 or KIWA 49 / UNE 53.112
“PN” systems (such as PN10 or PN16) . The tables below give
information for such systems. Note that with the “Class” system,
the pressure rating of every pipe size is the same within that
class, but with the “Schedule” system the pressure ratings
change. This gets even more confusing for the metric pipe as both
the DN and KIWA pipe are rated at the same pressure (i.e. 10 bar for
PN10), but the DN rating has a greater wall thickness. The most
common classifications used are Schedule 40, Class C and PN10. We
are also able to supply other classifications such as ASTM D 2241
“SDR”.
Table
4 - Imperial PVC pipe pressure ratings
|
STANDARD
|
ASTM
D 1785
|
BS3505/6
|
|
CLASS
|
SCH40
|
SCH80
|
SCH120
|
CLASS
B
|
CLASS
C
|
CLASS
D
|
CLASS
E
|
CLASS
7
|
|
COLOUR
|
WH/GREY
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
|
3/8”
O.D. (mm)
|
17.1
|
17.1
|
|
|
|
|
17.1
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
2.3
|
3.2
|
|
|
|
|
1.9
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
42.8
|
63.5
|
|
|
|
|
15.0
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/2”
O.D. (mm)
|
21.3
|
21.3
|
21.3
|
|
|
|
21.3
|
21.3
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
2.8
|
3.7
|
4.3
|
|
|
|
2.1
|
4.0
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
41.4
|
58.6
|
70.0
|
|
|
|
15.0
|
12.0
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/4”
O.D. (mm)
|
26.7
|
26.7
|
26.7
|
|
|
|
26.7
|
26.7
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
2.9
|
3.9
|
4.3
|
|
|
|
2.5
|
4.2
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
33.1
|
47.6
|
53.3
|
|
|
|
15.0
|
12.0
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1”
O.D. (mm)
|
33.4
|
33.4
|
33.4
|
|
|
|
33.4
|
33.4
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
3.4
|
4.5
|
5.1
|
|
|
|
2.7
|
4.8
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
31.0
|
43.5
|
49.5
|
|
|
|
15.0
|
12.0
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
1/4” O.D. (mm)
|
42.2
|
42.2
|
42.2
|
|
|
42.2
|
42.2
|
42.2
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
3.6
|
4.9
|
5.5
|
|
|
2.7
|
3.2
|
5.2
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
25.5
|
35.9
|
41.0
|
|
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
12.0
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
1/2” O.D. (mm)
|
48.3
|
48.3
|
48.3
|
|
|
48.3
|
48.3
|
48.3
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
3.7
|
5.1
|
5.7
|
|
|
3.0
|
3.7
|
5.5
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
22.8
|
32.4
|
37.0
|
|
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
12.0
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2”
O.D. (mm)
|
60.3
|
60.3
|
60.3
|
|
60.3
|
60.3
|
60.3
|
60.3
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
3.9
|
5.5
|
6.4
|
|
3.0
|
3.7
|
4.5
|
6.0
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
19.3
|
27.6
|
32.5
|
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
12.0
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
1/2” O.D. (mm)
|
73.0
|
73.0
|
73.0
|
|
75.0
|
|
75.0
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
5.2
|
7.0
|
7.6
|
|
3.6
|
|
5.6
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
20.7
|
29.0
|
32.1
|
|
10.0
|
|
16.0
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3”
O.D. (mm)
|
88.9
|
88.9
|
88.9
|
88.9
|
88.9
|
88.9
|
88.9
|
88.9
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
5.5
|
7.6
|
8.9
|
3.1
|
4.1
|
5.3
|
6.5
|
4.2
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
17.9
|
25.5
|
30.6
|
6.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
12.0
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4”
O.D. (mm)
|
114.3
|
114.3
|
114.3
|
114.3
|
114.3
|
114.3
|
114.3
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
6.0
|
8.6
|
11.1
|
3.6
|
5.2
|
6.8
|
8.3
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.2
|
22.1
|
29.7
|
6.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6”
O.D. (mm)
|
168.3
|
168.3
|
168.3
|
168.3
|
168.3
|
168.3
|
168.3
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
7.1
|
11.0
|
14.3
|
4.8
|
7.5
|
9.9
|
12.2
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
12.4
|
19.3
|
25.6
|
6.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8”
O.D. (mm)
|
219.1
|
219.1
|
219.1
|
219.1
|
219.1
|
219.1
|
219.1
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
8.2
|
12.7
|
|
5.6
|
8.8
|
11.6
|
14.1
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
11.0
|
16.6
|
|
6.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10”
O.D. (mm)
|
273.0
|
273.0
|
|
273.0
|
273.0
|
273.0
|
273.0
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
9.3
|
15.1
|
|
7.0
|
10.9
|
14.3
|
17.5
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
9.7
|
15.9
|
|
6.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12”
O.D. (mm)
|
323.9
|
323.9
|
|
323.9
|
323.9
|
323.9
|
323.9
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
10.3
|
17.5
|
|
8.2
|
12.9
|
17.0
|
20.8
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
9.0
|
15.9
|
|
6.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14”
O.D. (mm)
|
355.6
|
355.6
|
|
355.6
|
355.6
|
355.6
|
355.6
|
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
11.1
|
19.1
|
|
9.0
|
14.1
|
18.6
|
22.8
|
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
9.0
|
15.2
|
|
6.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
15.0
|
|
Table
5 - Metric PVC pipe pressure ratings
|
STANDARD
|
DIN8061/2
|
|
CLASS
|
PN10
|
PN16
|
|
COLOUR
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
|
20mm
O.D. (mm)
|
|
20 |
|
WALL
(mm)
|
|
1.5 |
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
|
16 |
| |
|
|
|
25mm
O.D.
(mm)
|
|
25
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
|
1.9
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
32mm
O.D. (mm)
|
32
|
32
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
1.8
|
2.4
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
40mm
O.D. |
40
|
40
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
1.9
|
3.0
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
50mm
O.D. (mm)
|
50
|
50
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
2.4
|
3.7
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
63mm
O.D. (mm)
|
63
|
63
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
3.0
|
4.7
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
75mm
.
(mm)
|
75
|
75
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
3.6
|
5.6
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
90mm
O.D. (mm)
|
90
|
90
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
4.3
|
6.7
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
16.0
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
110mm
O.D. (mm)
|
88.9
|
110
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
5.3
|
8.2
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
16.0
|
| |
|
|
|
160mm
O.D(mm)
|
114.3
|
114.3
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
7.7
|
11.9
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
15.0
|
| |
|
|
|
200mm
O.D. (mm)
|
168.3
|
168.3
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
9.6
|
14.9
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
15.0
|
| |
|
|
|
225mm
O.D. (mm)
|
219.1
|
219.1
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
10.3
|
16.7
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
15.0
|
| |
|
|
|
250mm
O.D. (mm)
|
273.0
|
273.0
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
11.9
|
18.0
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
15.0
|
| |
|
|
|
315mm
O.D. (mm)
|
323.9
|
323.9
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
15.0
|
23.4
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
15.0
|
| |
|
|
|
400mm
O.D. (mm)
|
355.6
|
355.6
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
19.1
|
29.7
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
15.0
|
15.0
|
Table
6 - Imperial ABS pipe pressure ratings
|
STANDARD
|
BS3505/6
|
|
CLASS
|
CLASS
C
|
CLASS
E
|
|
COLOUR
|
GREY
|
GREY
|
|
3/8”
O.D. (mm)
|
|
17.1
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
|
1.6
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
|
15.0
|
| |
|
|
|
1/2”
O.D. (mm)
|
|
21.3
|
|
WALL
(mm)
|
|
1.9
|
|
MAX.
W.P.
|
|
15.0
|
| |
|
| 
